Deuteronomy contains a distinct message spoken to the Israelites by Moses just before he dies. The Israelites have wandered forty years in the wilderness. They are standing on the banks of the Jordan River where their forefathers had failed miserably forty years prior. As they stand at their place of greatest failure, Moses is strongly admonishing them to obey God, who has been and will continue to be faithful to them. The Israelites must make an all-important decision about their future. As they stand on the brink of the Promise Land they stand at a point between their past history of disobedience and their potential future obedience. The battles and burdens that Moses has faced with them over the past forty years give birth to the messages of Deuteronomy. Forty years of seemingly aimless wandering and failure motivates him to emphasize God's ability to provide success.
The very last verses of Deuteronomy give insight to the man making the plea. These verses reveal the impact that Moses life had. "And there arose not a prophet since in Israel like unto Moses, whom the LORD knew face to face, In all the signs and the wonders, which the LORD sent him to do in the land of Egypt to Pharaoh, and to all his servants, and to all his land, And in all that mighty hand, and in all the great terror which Moses shewed in the sight of all Israel." (Deuteronomy 34:10-12)
Moses had spent his life preparing his heart and his message for this ocassion. What Israel decides to do here will influence succeeding generations. It is at this point that God seeks to renew his covenant to Israel. It is at this point that they will inherit the Promised Land and it is at this precise point that a new identity will be given.
Deuteronomy 1:1-8
These be the words which Moses spake unto all Israel on this side Jordan in the wilderness, in the plain over against the Red sea, between Paran, and Tophel, and Laban, and Hazeroth, and Dizahab. (There are eleven days' journey from Horeb by the way of mount Seir unto Kadesh-barnea.) And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spake unto the children of Israel, according unto all that the LORD had given him in commandment unto them; After he had slain Sihon the king of the Amorites, which dwelt in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan, which dwelt at Astaroth in Edrei: On this side Jordan, in the land of Moab, began Moses to declare this law, saying, The LORD our God spake unto us in Horeb, saying, Ye have dwelt long enough in this mount: Turn you, and take your journey, and go to the mount of the Amorites, and unto all the places nigh thereunto, in the plain, in the hills, and in the vale, and in the south, and by the sea side, to the land of the Canaanites, and unto Lebanon, unto the great river, the river Euphrates. Behold, I have set the land before you: go in and possess the land which the LORD sware unto your fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to give unto them and to their seed after them.